Cypress CY62167EV18 Manuel d'utilisateur télécharger pdf (Page 15)

US

2012/0147184

A1

can

be

reduced.

In

an

alternative

implementation,

various

components

of

the

CPU

110

can

be

combined

into

a

single

ASIC, Which

integrates

the

entire

active

and

some

passive

components

and

memory

in

order

to

achieve

poWer

savings.

Flash

memory

or

other

memory

components

can

be

the

only

exceptions

to

this

integration.

[0068]

The

CPU

110

includes

a

general

purpose

microcon

troller

112

running

a

light

real

time

operating

system.

Alter

natively,

in

order

to

reduce

overhead

the

microcontroller

112

may

not

use

an

operation

system.

The

microcontroller

112

can

execute

programs

from

an

external

memory

such

as

a

?ash

memory

114

external

to

the

microcontroller

112

or

from

memory

internal

to

the

microcontroller

112.

The

CPU

110

also

includes

an

image/video

compression

engine

116,

Which

can

perform

proprietary

compression

algorithms

or

a

stan

dard

algorithms

such

as

MPEG2, MPEG4,

MJPEG,

JPEG,

and

JPEG2000,

and

the

like.

Memory

contained

in

the

CPU

110

(e.g.,

?ash

memory

114

or

other

memory

devices)

can

store

both

compressed

and

uncompressed

video.

[0069]

In

one

implementation,

the

compression

algorithm

can

generate

data

that

relates

to

the

relative

visual

importance

of

the

compressed

data

bits.

This

data

can

be

utiliZed

by

the

forWard

error

correction

(FEC)

section

of

the

Wireless

radio

(e.

g.

the

high-bandWidth

radio

104).

The

FEC

section

of

the

Wireless

radio

can

provide

“un-equal

protection”

(UEP)

to

the

transmission

of

the

compressed

data

as

dictated

by

its

impor

tance.

The

complementary

decoder

can

be

implemented

in

the

base

station

160.

This

transmission

scheme

can

achieve

increased

e?iciency

for

the

transmission

of

the

image

data.

One

example

of

such

transmission

scheme

is

a

publication

by

Yanjun

Hu,

et

al.

entitled

“An

Ef?cient

Joint

Dynamic

Detec

tion

Technique

for

Wireless

Transmission

of

JPEG2000

Encoded

Images.”

[0070]

The

CPU

110

also

includes

an

audio

compression

engine

118.

Memory

contained

in

the

CPU

110 can

store

both

compressed

and

uncompressed

video,

as

Well

as

compressed

and

uncompressed

audio.

Under

loW

battery

or

poor

data

radio

channel

bandWidth

conditions,

a

relatively

large

amount

of

energy

can be

saved

by

disabling

the

bulk

high

bandWidth

radio

104

and

not

transferring

the

image,

audio

or

other

data

to

the

base

station

160.

In

this

mode,

the

?ash

memory

114

can be

used

to

hold

a

signi?cant

amount

of

data

up

to

many

hours

until

the

data

is

retrieved.

[0071]

In

conditions

Where

the radio

transmissions

are

interrupted

or

jammed;

for

example,

by

an

intruder,

an

alarm

can

be

initiated

silently

from

the

base

station

160

to

the

external

netWork

or

can

be

externally

indicated

by

visual

or

audible

transducers

activated

on

the

base

station

160

or

Wire

less

camera

100.

In

one

implementation,

alarms

can

be

trig

gered

if

data

transmissions

fail

for

a

speci?ed

amount

of

time.

This

failure

in

data

transmission

can

be

caused

by

an

inten

tional

jamming

by

an

intruder

or

by

a

failure

to

establish

a

transmission

link.

In

such

situation,

the

Wireless

camera

100

can

store

images

and/or

audio

data

in

a storage

element,

such

as

a

?ash

memory

114,

for

transmission

or

retrieval

at

a

later

time.

[0072]

Data

retrieval

at

a

later

time

can

be

achieved

by

manually

removing

the

camera

100

or

storage

element

from

the

camera 100

and

connecting

to

a

WindoWs,

Linux

or

Macintosh

based

computer

via a

Universal

Serial

Bus

(USB).

The

storage

unit

can

appear

to

the

computer

to

be

a

standard

mass

storage

device

With

?les

of

the

captured

data.

In

another

implementation,

When

there

is

a

failure

in

data

transmission,

the

system can

use

an

alternative

Wireless

connection

to

trans

Jun.

14,

2012

fer

data,

for

example,

such

as

operating

on

a

different

fre

quency,

using

different

modulation

methods,

or

by

increasing

the

output

poWer

of

the

Wireless

transmitter.

[0073]

The

compression

engines

116

and

118

can

operate

on

captured

data

output

from

the

sensors

connected

to

the

CPU

110.

Alternatively,

the

compression

engines

116

and

118

can

operate

on

captured

data

temporarily

stored

inside

the

?ash

memory

114.

In

this

manner,

the

compression

and

capture

processes

can

operate

on

independent

cycles.

This

independence can

also

help

maximiZe

energy

e?iciency.

For

example,

the

image

capture

may

be

occurring

5

times

a

sec

ond,

but

the

compression

engine

may

operate

at

very

high

speed

on

multiple

images

every

3

seconds.

In

this

fashion,

the

energy

requirements

of

starting

up

the

compression

engines

116

and

118 can

be

amortiZed

over

a

large

amount

of

data.

In

one

example,

the

?ash

memory

114 can

hold

approximately

15

uncompressed

images

before

the

compression

engine

is

activated.

[0074]

In

some

implementations,

most

or

all

components

of

the

compression

engines

116

and

118

canbe

integrated

into

the

microcontroller

112

andperipheral

blocks.

In

this

Way,

the

compression

canbe

achieved

in

the

microcontroller

112

using

a

hybrid

softWare

and

hardWare

acceleration

for

computa

tional

intensive

processing.

Other

alternatives

for

the

com

pression

engines

116

and

118

can

include

a separate

applica

tion

speci?c

integrated

circuit

(ASIC)

or a

?eld

programmable

gate

array

(FPGA).

An

example

FPGA

can

be

one

based

on

?ash

technology

such

as

Actel

Corporation’s

Fusion

product

line,

Where

the

“instant

on”

alloWs

for

rapid

start-up

capabilities

reducing

energy

Wastage

during

the

cycling

process.

Alternatively,

the

image

capturing

module

120 can

have

an

integrated

compression

engine

and

output

compressed

data

directly to

the

CPU

110.

[0075]

The

CPU

110

can

also

perform

the

burst

transmis

sion

store/control

MAC

process

needed

to

transfer

the

data

transmission

from

the

bulk

high-bandWidth

radio

104.

The

high-bandWidth

radio

104

can be

poWer

cycled

based

on

the

physical

layer

characteristics

of

the radio

and

sustained

band

Width

needed

to

maintain

certain

?delity

of

the

images

and

audio

transmitted.

The

poWer

cycling

of

the

high-bandWidth

radio

104

is

further

described

in

more

detail

beloW.

[0076]

In

general

operation,

the

microcontroller

112

can

be

started

from

a

deep

poWer

save

mode

by

the

clock

111,

Which

can

be,

e.g.,

an

ultra

loW

poWer

real

time

clock.

The

timing

of

this

can

vary

depending

on

the

aggregate

needs

of

the

multiple

processes

as

they

cycle.

Therefore,

once

poWered

up

the

softWare

can

be

used

to

initiate

or

manage

one

or

more

pro

cesses

including

image

capture,

data

transmission,

and

image

compression.

In

some

instances,

the

clock

111 can be

replaced

by

a

microcontroller

With

integrated

loW

poWer

real

time

clock

capability.

An

example

of

such

a

microcontroller

is

the

Texas

Instruments

MSP43O

family

of

products.

[0077]

In

one

implementation,

most

or

all

of

the

timing

required

for

the

Wireless

camera

100 can

originate

from

the

base

station

160

and

be

communicated

to

the

Wireless

camera

100

through

a

secondary

receiver

(e.g.,

the

loW-bandWidth

radio

106),

as

Will

be

described

in

more

detail

beloW.

This

con?guration

can

act

as

an

alternative

to

using

the

clock

111

described

above,

and

alloW

for

more

of

the

processing

com

plexity

to

reside

in

the

base

station

160.

Additionally,

the

Wireless

camera

100

can be

simpli?ed,

cheaper,

and

more

robust.

Furthermore,

the

Wireless

camera

100

can

consume

less

poWer

because

very

little

timing

processing

Would

be

needed

in

the

Wireless

camera

100.

In

this

Way,

the

Wireless

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